Tag: CONDENSATION
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CS-24 Shellside Mixture Condensation on Low-finned Tubes in Vacuum Conditions
January 24, 2024
This report describes an assessment of the accuracy of HTRI predictions of mixture condensation on low-finned tubes under vacuum conditions. Tests were conducted on a 19.05-mm OD low-finned tube bundle in the Low Pressure Condensation Unit (LPCU) over a range of vacuum pressures (5.75– 93.7 kPa) and inlet vapor Reynolds numbers...
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TT-32 Condensation of two liquid phases in steam/hydrocarbon applications
September 06, 2023
Component: Xist Applicable to: All supported versions (Version 8.2 and Version 9.x) Date posted: 6 September 2023 During condensation of a steam/hydrocarbon mixture, the condensate can form two immiscible liquids (also known as two liquid phases). These phases can exist only in equilibrium with the vapor phase at a single point (the...
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CS-23 Rate-controlled Shellside Multicomponent Condensation in Vacuum Conditions
September 02, 2022
HTRI investigated the accuracy of equilibrium multicomponent condensation models applied on the shell side of a bundle with 19.05-mm OD plain tubes. Tests were conducted in the Low Pressure Condensation Unit (LPCU) over a range of vacuum pressures (7 – 81 kPa) and fluid inlet flow rates [5 (10-3) – 7...
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CS-22 Enhanced Methods in Xist 8 for Gravity-controlled Shellside Condensation
June 22, 2020
This report documents the revised methods in Xist 8 for predicting the gravity-controlled condensate heat transfer coefficient on horizontal tube bundles. Reformulation of the relevant equations using the local condensate Reynolds number on an element of the tube bundle facilitates exploitation of the Xist 3D incremental structure more effectively than was...
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Research Update: Thermal Performance of New Welded-plate Heat Exchanger
March 19, 2019
In an experimental, sponsored research program, HTRI investigated the thermal and hydraulic characteristics of a welded plate heat exchanger (WPHE). We conducted liquid-phase, flow boiling, and condensation experiments in a WPHE provided by Hisaka Works, Ltd. These data, together with single-phase and phase-change data from other commercially available chevron-type plate heat...
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Research Update: 2018 - Year in HTRI Research
February 28, 2019
This webinar highlights the accomplishments of HTRI Research over the past year and describes how HTRI members can benefit from these developments. We briefly discuss airside studies with our air cooler unit, vacuum condensation experiments with hydrocarbon mixtures, new phase change methods for plate heat exchangers, subcooling with shellside condensation, and...
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PHE-19 Condensation Heat Transfer Method for Corrugated Channels in Plate Heat Exchangers
November 19, 2018
This report proposes an improved condensation heat transfer method for corrugated channels in plate heat exchangers, based on n-pentane condensation data collected in a welded plate heat exchanger. The generalized method is applicable to all corrugated channels in different types of plate heat exchangers, such as plate-and-frame and plate-and-shell heat exchangers. ...
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CS-21 Xist Thermal Predictions of Horizontal Shellside Condensation with Subcooling
October 10, 2018
HTRI collected data in a horizontal E-shell exchanger with vertical-cut baffles, obtaining varying degrees of subcooling at the exchanger outlet for water, n-pentane, p-xylene, and a binary mixture of n-pentane/p-xylene. Liquid level measurements along the length of the exchanger confirmed the presence of shellside flooding. Xist predicted the heat transfer area...
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Research Update: Shellside Vacuum Condensation with Mixtures
June 07, 2018
Condensation data were recently collected in the Low Pressure Condensation Unit (LPCU) using hydrocarbon mixtures. This recent set of data wraps up a multiyear research project to study shellside condensation under vacuum conditions. This webinar will focus on the latest results collected with hydrocarbon mixtures. High-speed videos are shown along with...
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Visualizing condensation
July 12, 2018
Niki Ritchey, Engineer, Research Your browser doesn't support video. Heptane and octane condense on plain tubes. The video is playing 20 times slower than real time. A picture is worth a thousand words. At HTRI, the Low Pressure Condensation Unit (LPCU) is supplying us with previously untold stories of vacuum condensation....
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CS-20-TR Condensation of Immiscible Fluids Outside Plain Tubes
April 30, 2018
HTRI investigated condensation of a water/octane mixture outside a plain tube bundle. Tests were conducted in the Low Pressure Condensation Unit (LPCU) at three different vacuum pressures and five different vapor inlet flow rates. Almost all of the measured compositions varied from the azeotrope composition. High-speed videos for each case show a...
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Research Update: Condensation of Immiscible Fluids
June 22, 2017
Condensation of immiscible fluid mixtures is a complex process. During condensation, three phases exist: one vapor phase and two liquid phases. HTRI conducted condensation experiments using a water/octane mixture outside plain tubes in the Low Pressure Condensation Unit (LPCU). Xist® predicted the experimental data with good agreement and high-speed videos showed...
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TPG-7 Challenges of Simulating Complete Intube Phase Change with CFD
March 13, 2017
Over the past several decades, the accuracy and usability of computational methods have substantially improved. This report reviews the complicated physics of two-phase flow and phase change, presents the equations of motion for a two-phase flow with various closure models, and compares current computational approaches. Although inadequate for the entire spectrum of...
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Research Update: Shellside Vacuum Condensation
January 16, 2017
In 2008, HTRI established a multiyear research program to study vacuum condensation. The Low Pressure Condensation Unit (LPCU) was designed and constructed to accomplish this task. This webinar will present a description of the shellside vacuum condensation test section and a preview of preliminary findings. It also contains high-speed videos that...
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CG-12 Condensation with Subcooling
January 16, 2017
This report describes open literature, HTRI, and HTFS methods for subcooling methods used in horizontal and vertical intube and shellside condensers. Predictions of Xist and UniSim® Shell-Tube Exchanger Modeler (STE) are compared with relevant HTRI data. Additional testing is proposed to verify methods and potentially improve Xist methods for horizontal shellside...
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CT-36 Horizontal Intube Condensation Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop of Propane
January 16, 2017
Under contract with HTRI, the Sustainable Thermal Systems Laboratory (STSL) at Georgia Institute of Technology is studying intube condensation with pentane, propane, and propane/ethane mixtures. In the second phase of the study, the STSL acquired condensation heat transfer and pressure drop data using propane as the working fluid. This report reviews...
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Condensation Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop Measurement for Pure Hydrocarbons and Mixtures in Plain Tubes
January 16, 2017
In 2011, Professor Srinivas Garimella, the Hightower Chair and Professor and Founder/Director of the Sustainable Thermal Systems Laboratory (STSL) at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, Georgia, USA, began work on a 3-1/2 year contract with HTRI entitled Condensation Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop of Propane. This project will conclude...
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Research Update: Pressure Drop of Vacuum Condensation in a Vertical Tube
January 16, 2017
This webinar discusses the status of HTRI vacuum condensation research plans, describes the current methods in Xchanger Suite®, and proposes a method to be implemented in future versions of Xchanger Suite....
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CT-33 Horizontal Intube Condensation at Georgia Tech: Test Rig and Initial n-Pentane Data
January 16, 2017
Under contract with HTRI, the Sustainable Thermal Systems Laboratory (STSL) at Georgia Institute of Technology is studying intube condensation with pentane, propane, and propane/ethane mixtures. The STSL is conducting experiments in the Phase-Change Heat Transfer Test Facility, a closed loop, single-pressure system. In the first phase of the study, the STSL...
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Research Update: Pressure Drop in Inclined Intube Downflow Condensation
January 16, 2017
Based on recent research, HTRI has developed a new pressure drop method for inclined cocurrent condensation. In this webinar, we discuss the effect of tube inclination on two-phase flow regimes and pressure drop. The performance of the existing inclined condensation pressure drop method is assessed against data, and an improved pressure...
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Research Update: Evaluation of HTFS and HTRI Shellside Condensation Methods
January 16, 2017
Using available open literature sources and data from HTRI’s shellside condensation database, HTRI compared the predictions of horizontal shellside condensation correlations documented in HTFS™ reports and methods contained in HTRI Xchanger Suite®. The results show that HTFS methods slightly overpredict heat transfer coefficients for pure components and poorly predict heat transfer...
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Research Update: Condensation with Desuperheating
January 16, 2017
When superheated vapor enters a condenser, the vapor cannot condense until the sensible heat content is removed in a process called desuperheating. Reports CT-21 and CT-22 present experimental data, discuss the principles of pure components and mixture wet-wall desuperheating, and review available heat transfer models and correlations. These reports also propose...
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Research Update: Condensation in Welded Plate Exchangers
January 16, 2017
Plate heat exchangers (PHEs) are well suited for applications that require compactness, low weight, and high efficiency. Traditional gasket-type PHEs are limited to a low range of pressures and temperatures. When operating pressures and temperatures exceed the range of a traditional gasket PHE, a welded-plate design is sometimes used. This webinar...
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CT-27 CFD Modeling of Intube Condensation
January 16, 2017
After briefly surveying the challenges of modeling condensation with computational fluid dynamics (CFD), we apply two relevant two-phase models in ANSYS® FLUENT® with varying degrees of success. Homogeneous nucleation in a Laval nozzle is well predicted, while the more interesting and relevant intube film condensation is plagued by grid resolution, model...
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